Liquid and gas mixer



April 14, 1925. 1,533,509

A. W. MORSE LIQUID AND GAS MIXER Filed Sept. 6, 1922 Akbar- 2 WMams IN V EN TOR.

ATTORNEY.

r in connection with the fuel oil;

Patented Apr. 14, 1925 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT W. MORSE, OF LONG ISLAND CITY, NEW YORK.

LIQUID AND GAS MIXER.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT W. Mouse, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Long Island City, in the county of Queens and Stateof New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Liquid and Gas Mixers, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements .in liquid and gas mixers, and particularly to devices in which the liquid to be mixed with a gas or gases 1S atomlzed by means of so-called nebulizers, in .which the atomizing effect is obtained by the direction of admission of the liquid into passages leading to a small swirling chamber to be discharged therefrom in a very line mist or vapor, prior to mixing the same with the gases. 4

The invention is described and illustrated as applied to a liquid fuel burner of the externally mixing type, and it is one of the objects to provide 'such a burner with means which will permit the use of gas another object is to provide an air supply to stimulate or boost the gas supply if its pressure be low, and to arrange for proper deflecting surfaces within the burner and away from the outlet to properly and thoroughly mix the gas and air prior to discharging the same into the mist of fuel oil issuing from the burner; a further object is to so proportion the inlet and outlet openings that the highest velocity is reached at the burner outlet with a-resulting propagation of the flame to such an extent that ignition can occur only beyond the burner outlet, thereby eifecting a much greater safety in operation than known heretofore.

Other objects of the invention will ap pear in the following specification in which a preferred-embodiment of the mixing device is described.

The invention is' illustrated by the aid ofthe accompanying drawing in which Fig. l is a vertical, longitudinal, sectional view of the mixer;

Fig. 2 is a transverse, cross sectional, view taken along the plane of line 22 in Fig. l; and I Fig. 3 is a cross sectional view along the plane of line 33 in Fig. 1.

Like characters of reference denote similar parts throughout the several views and the following specification.

10 is a casing having an end 11, cylindrical in shape, forming a mixing chamber 12,.and being threaded exteriorly at 13 to receive a deflector cap 14 which is adapted to be adjustably screwed onto the threaded end 13. 15 1S a circular outlet opening in cap 14. The outer end of cap 14 is bevelled at 16 for deflecting purposes, as will be explained more fully hereafter.

Extending through chamber 12, concentrically and preferably integral'therewith. is a fuel conduit 17, provided with a central duct 18. Its lower end is threaded to receive a fuel supply pipe 19. 20 is an enlarged upper end of conduit pipe 17, threaded interiorly to receive a nebulizer 21.

N ebulizer 21 is provided in its center with a hollow'core 22, cylindrical in shape, called the swirl chamber. 23 is a plug screwed into the lower part of nebulizer 21 for the purpose of closing chamber 22. At the top of chamber 22 and in its center is a small circular outlet opening 24. 25 and 26 are small drilled passages extending into the nebulizer at the sides of chamber 22. 27 and 28 are ducts or inlet orifices joining the innermost ends of passages 25 and 26 with the upper part of chamber 22. These ducts are positioned so as to impinge the circumference of chamber 22 tangentially, as is shown inFig. 3 and they are further slightly inclined towards the outlet end. 29 is a polygonal projection around the outside of the nebulizer 21, slightly larger than the enlarged. end of conduit pipe 17, to facilitate screwing the same into the pipe. The top of the nebulizer 12 is chamfered at 30, so as to make the outlet passage 24 as short as possible.

Extending at substantially right angles to the axis of chamber 12 and near its lower. end is a tubular extension 31 of the casing 10 forming a passage 32. Its extreme end, away from the chamber 12, is threaded interiorly for an air supply pipe 33, in communication with a nozzle 34, extending partially into passage 32and having its walls converging toward chamber 12. Adjacent the air inlet connection of passage 32 and surrounding the nozzle 34 is an elbow shaped terminal 35 of the casing 10, threaded interiorly at substantially right angles to the air connection, to receive a gas supply pipe 36.

he operation of the device is as follows: Oil under pressure passes through con- -duit pipe 17 into the nebulizer 21 through passages 25 and 26' and from there through inlet orifices 27 and 28 into the swirl chamber 22. Owing to the direction of the inlet orifices, tangentially with res ect to the wall of chamber 22, the oil is eing given a swirling motion and is finally expelled in form of a very fine mist from the outlet 2:} where it assumes the shape of an inverted cone.

Gas is admitted through pipe 36 into passage .32, whereit receives an impetus of air and is forced against the walls of conduit 18 and chamber 12. Being forced against these walls at substantially right angles, the air and gas are thereby thoroughly mixed and finaly forced out through the outlet 15, where by means of wall 16, they are deflected against the mist of oil issuing from the nebulizer.

Outlet 15 being of smaller area than the combined area of the small diameter of the air nozzle 34 and the gas sup 1y pi e, the mixture of gas and air issues rom t e outlet at a very high rate of velocity. Due to this high velocity, the mixture of oil, gas and air is propagated to such an extent that ignition can occur only be ond the outlet, whereby the operationof t e-device is made very much sa er, it being impossible for the flame to back up into either the gas or fuel pipes.

It is obvious, of course, that if so desired, the device may be used for either burning oil or gas, or both simultaneousl furthermore, if the gas pressure shou d be very high, the gas maybe piped to the casing where the drawin shows the air pipe connected and the a1r to the gas connection. Furthermore, while the device has been described as being used as a liquid fuel or gas burner, it may be used for any purpose which requires the mixing of several gases or liquids.

Various changes in the form, proportion and minor details of construction may be resorted to without departin from the principle or sacrificing any 0 the advantages of the invention, as definedwin the appended claims.

What I claim as new, is:

1. In a liquid fuel and natural gas burner, a casing having one end cylindrical in shape forming. a mixing chamber, a liquid fuel supply conduit extending through the said mixing chamber and being in central alignment therewith, a nebulizer at the outlet end of the said. conduit,

a gas connection and ansair connection, the

said air connection'bein provided with a nozzle converging towar the said'chamber, and projecting into the said gas connection and being adapted to discharge air and gas into the said mixing chamber, and a ca at the end of the mixing .chamber adapte to deflect the mixture of air and gas against the liquid fuel issuing from the said nebuiiizer at a velocity suflicient to prevent back ring.

2.'In a liquid and gas mixer, a casing having one end cylindrical in shape forming a mixing chamber, a liquid supply conduit extending through the said mixing chamber and being in central alignment therewith, a nebulizer at'thc outlet end of the said conduit, a gas connection and an air connection, the said air connection being provided with a nozzle converging toward the said chamber and projecting into the said gas connection and being adapted to discharge air and gas into the sai mixing chamber at a velocity greater than that due to the pressure head of the gas, and a cap having a central outlet at the end of the said mixing chamber, the said outlet being of a smaller area than the combined area of the smallest diameter of the said converging nozzle and the said gas supply pipe.

3. In a liquid fuel and natural gas burner, a casing having a mixing chamber, a liquid fuel su ply conduit extending therethrough, a ne ulizer at the outlet end of the conduit, a gas connection and an air connection, the said air connection bein provided with a nozzle converging towar the said chamber and rojecting into the said gas connection and being adapted to discharge a mixture of gas and air into the said mixing chamber at a velocity greater than that produced by the elementof themixture under the least ressure, and

a cap surrounding the said ne ulizer, laving deflecting surfaces so shaped as to discharge the mixture of gas and airagainst the liquid fuel issuin from the nebulizer and adjacent the sai l nebulizer, for the purpose of propagating the ignition point of the flame of the burner sufliciently ahead of its outlet to prevent backrfiring.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ALBERT W. MORSE. [L. a] Witnesses:

JEANETTE M. PnNnm'roN, Romeo J. WATZEL, Jr.

ill) 

